CCNA Cybersecurity Operations (Vesion 1.1) – CyberOps Chapter 13 Exam Answers

On Jun 11, 2019

What is a chain of custody?
- The documentation surrounding the preservation of evidence related to an incident *
- A list of all of the stakeholders that were exploited by an attacker
- The disciplinary measures an organization may perform if an incident is caused by an employee
- A plan ensuring that each party involved in an incident response understands how to collect evidence
What type of CSIRT organization is responsible for determining trends to help predict and provide warning of future security incidents?
- Analysis center *
- Vendor team
- Coordination center
- National CSIRT
Which approach can help block potential malware delivery methods, as described in the Cyber Kill Chain model, on an Internet-facing web server?
- Build detections for the behavior of known malware.
- Collect malware files and metadata for future analysis.
- Analyze the infrastructure path used for files. *
- Audit the web server to forensically determine the origin of exploit.
According to NIST standards, which incident response stakeholder isresponsible for coordinating an incident response with other stakeholders to minimize the damage of an incident?
- IT support
- Management *
- Legal department
- Human resources
After a threat actor completes a port scan of the public web server of an organization and identifies a potential vulnerability, what is the next phase for the threat actor in order to prepare and launch an attack as defined in the Cyber Kill Chain?
- Exploitation
- Weaponization *
- Reconnaissance
- Action on objectives
When dealing with security threats and using the Cyber Kill Chain model, which two approaches can an organization use to help block potential exploitations of a system? (Choose two.)
- Collect email and web logs for forensic reconstruction.
- Analyze the infrastructure path used for delivery.
- Audit endpoints to forensically determine origin of exploit.
- Conduct full malware analysis.
- Conduct employee awareness training and email testing.

15. Which action should be included in a plan element that is part of a computer security incident response capability (CSIRC)?

Detail how incidents should be handled based on the mission and functions of an organization.
Develop metrics for measuring the incident response capability and its effectiveness.
Create an organizational structure and definition of roles, responsibilities, and levels of authority.
Prioritize severity ratings of security incidents.

16. What is the objective the threat actor in establishing a two-way communication channel between the target system and a CnC infrastructure?

to allow the threat actor to issue commands to the software that is installed on the target
to steal network bandwidth from the network where the target is located
to launch a buffer overflow attack
to send user data stored on the target to the threat actor

Which three aspects of a target system are most likely to be exploited after a weapon is delivered? (Choose three.)

Applications *
User accounts *
OS vulnerabilities *
Existing backdoors
Domain name space
DHCP configurations

Which meta-feature element in the Diamond Model describes tools and information (such as software, black hat knowledge base, and username and password) that the adversary uses for the intrusion event?

Results
Direction
Resources *
Methodology

Which activity is typically performed by a threat actor in the installation phase of the Cyber Kill Chain?

Harvest email addresses of user accounts.
Obtain an automated tool to deliver the malware payload.
Open a two-way communication channel to the CnC infrastructure.
Install a web shell on the target web server for persistent access. *

Which top-level element of the VERIS schema would allow a company to document the incident timeline?

Discovery and Response *
Incident Description
Incident Tracking
Victim Demographics

When dealing with a security threat and using the Cyber Kill Chain model, which two approaches can an organization use to help block potential exploitations on a system? (Choose two.)

Conduct full malware analysis.
Train web developers to secure code. *
Collect email and web logs for forensic reconstruction.
Build detections for the behavior of known weaponizers.
Perform regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing. *

After containment, what is the first step of eradicating an attack?

Hold meetings on lessons learned.
Change all passwords.
Patch all vulnerabilities.
Identify all hosts that need remediation.

What is defined in the SOP of a computer security incident response capability (CSIRC)?

the procedures that are followed during an incident response
the metrics for measuring incident response capabilities
the roadmap for increasing incident response capabilities
the details on how an incident is handled

A school has a web server mainly used for parents to view school events, access student performance indicators, and communicate with teachers. The network administrator suspects a security-related event has occurred and is reviewing what steps should be taken. The network administrator believes that the threat actor used a commonly available tool to slow the server down. The administrator concludes that based on the source IP address identified in the alert, the threat actor was probably one of the students. What type of hacker would the student be classified as?

black hat
gray hat
red hat
white hat

What is the goal of an attack in the installation phase of the Cyber Kill Chain?

Create a back door in the target system to allow for future access.
Establish command and control (CnC) with the target system.
Use the information from the reconnaissance phase to develop a weapon against the target.
Break the vulnerability and gain control of the target.

Which meta-feature element in the Diamond Model describes information gained by the adversary?

resources
methodology
direction
results

What is a benefit of using the VERIS community database?

It can be used to discover how other organizations dealt with a particular type of security incident.
Companies who pay to contribute and access the database are protected from security threats.
It can be used to discover the name of known threat actors.
The database can be easily compressed.

A school has a web server mainly used for parents to view school events, access student performance indicators, and communicate with teachers. The network administrator suspects a security-related event has occurred and is reviewing what steps should be taken. The threat actor has already placed malware on the server causing its performance to slow. The network administrator has found and removed the malware as well as patched the security hole where the threat actor gained access. The network administrator can find no other security issue. What stage of the Cyber Kill Chain did the threat actor achieve?

actions on objectives
command and control
delivery
exploitation
installation

Event Viewer
net command
PowerShell
Task Manager

A school has a web server mainly used for parents to view school events, access student performance indicators, and communicate with teachers. The network administrator suspects a security-related event has occurred and is reviewing what steps should be taken. Reports of network slowness lead the network administrator to review server alerts. The administrator confirms that an alert was an actual security incident. Which type of security alert classification would this be?

false negative
false positive
true negative
true positive

When a security attack has occurred, which two approaches should security professionals take to mitigate a compromised system during the Actions on Objectives step as defined by the Cyber Kill Chain model? (Choose two.)

Build detections for the behavior of known malware.
Train web developers for securing code.
Detect data exfiltration, lateral movement, and unauthorized credential usage.
Perform forensic analysis of endpoints for rapid triage.
Collect malware files and metadata for future analysis.

A threat actor has identified the potential vulnerability of the web server of an organization and is building an attack. What will the threat actor possibly do to build an attack weapon?

Obtain an automated tool in order to deliver the malware payload through the vulnerability.
Install a webshell on the web server for persistent access.
Create a point of persistence by adding services.
Collect credentials of the web server developers and administrators.

Which action is taken in the postincident phase of the NIST incident response life cycle?

Document the handling of the incident.
identify and validate incidents.
Conduct CSIRT response training.
Implement procedures to contain threats.

Which top-level element of the VERIS schema would allow a company to log who the actors were, what actions affected the asset, which assets were affected, and how the asset was affected?

incident description
incident tracking
discovery and response
victim demographics

What is the role of vendor teams as they relate to CSIRT?

Coordinate incident handling across multiple CSIRTs.
Handle customer reports concerning security vulnerabilities.
Use data from many sources to determine incident activity trends.
Provide incident handling to other organizations as a fee-based service.

According to information outlined by the Cyber Kill Chain, which two approaches can help identify reconnaissance threats? (Choose two.)

Analyze web log alerts and historical search data.
Audit endpoints to forensically determine origin of exploit.
Build playbooks for detecting browser behavior.
Conduct full malware analysis.
Understand targeted servers, people, and data available to attack.

To ensure that the chain of custody is maintained, what three items should be logged about evidence that is collected and analyzed after a security incident has occurred? (Choose three.)

measures used to prevent an incident
time and date the evidence was collected
extent of the damage to resources and assets
vulnerabilities that were exploited in an attack
serial numbers and hostnames of devices used as evidence
location of all evidence

Which schema or model was created to anonymously share quality information about security events to the security community?

VERIS
Diamond
CSIRT
Cyber Kill Chain

What is the purpose of the policy element in a computer security incident response capability of an organization, as recommended by NIST?

It provides a roadmap for maturing the incident response capability.
It provides metrics for measuring the incident response capability and effectiveness.
It defines how the incident response teams will communicate with the rest of the organization and with other organizations.
It details how incidents should be handled based on the organizational mission and functions.

What information is gathered by the CSIRT when determining the scope of a security incident?

the processes used to preserve evidence
the strategies and procedures used for incident containment
the networks, systems, and applications affected by an incident
the amount of time and resources needed to handle an incident

What is the main purpose of exploitations by a threat actor through the weapon delivered to a target during the Cyber Kill Chain exploitation phase?

Launch a DoS attack.
Send a message back to a CnC controlled by the threat actor.
Break the vulnerability and gain control of the target.
Establish a back door into the system.

Which term is used in the Diamond Model of intrusion to describe a tool that a threat actor uses toward a target system?

infrastructure
capability
weaponization
adversary

What is the role of a Computer Emergency Response Team?

Receive, review, and respond to security incidents in an organization.
Provide national standards as a fee-based service.
Coordinate security incident handling across multiple CSIRTs.
Provide security awareness, best practices, and security vulnerability information to a specific population.